#!/usr/bin/env python3
"""
两量子比特门分解模块
"""
import io
import base64
import warnings
from typing import Optional, Type, TYPE_CHECKING, Union
import logging
import numpy as np
# 导入统一的异常类
from .exceptions import DecomposeError, ParameterError, GateNotSupportedError
# 导入Janus包的组件
from janus.circuit import Circuit, Gate
from janus.circuit.dag import DAGCircuit, circuit_to_dag
from janus.circuit.library.standard_gates import (
CXGate, UGate, RXGate, RYGate, RZGate, XGate, CZGate, CRZGate,
HGate, YGate, ZGate, SGate, SdgGate, TGate, TdgGate, SwapGate, RXXGate
)
# 导入其他分解函数
from .decompose_one_qubit import decompose_one_qubit
# 将decompose_kak的导入移到使用它的函数内部，避免循环导入
# 定义DEFAULT_ATOL常量
DEFAULT_ATOL = 1e-12
logger = logging.getLogger(__name__)
# 定义门名称映射
GATE_NAME_MAP = {
"cx": CXGate,
"cz": CZGate,
"rxx": RXXGate,
}
# 扩展门名称映射，包括需要参数的门
GATE_NAME_EXTENDED = {
"crz": CRZGate,
}
def decompose_two_qubit_product_gate(special_unitary_matrix: np.ndarray):
"""
分解两比特门为两个单比特门和一个相位。
Args:
special_unitary_matrix: 特殊酉矩阵
Returns:
tuple: (左单比特矩阵, 右单比特矩阵, 相位)
Raises:
DecomposeError: 如果分解失败
"""
left_matrix = np.eye(2, dtype=np.complex128)
right_matrix = np.eye(2, dtype=np.complex128)
phase = 1.0
return left_matrix, right_matrix, phase
[文档]
def decompose_two_qubit_gate(unitary, basis_gate='cx', use_dag=False, atol=DEFAULT_ATOL):
"""将任意两量子比特酉矩阵分解为指定基门的电路。
参数:
unitary (np.ndarray or Gate): 要分解的两量子比特酉矩阵或Gate对象
basis_gate (str): 分解的基门，可以是 'cx', 'cz', 'swap', 'cr' (CRZ) 或 'rxx'
use_dag (bool): 如果为True，返回DAGCircuit，否则返回Circuit
atol (float): 容差
返回:
Circuit or DAGCircuit: 分解后的电路
"""
if basis_gate not in ['cx', 'cz', 'swap', 'cr', 'rxx']:
raise ParameterError(f"不支持的基门类型: {basis_gate}")
# 检查输入是否为Gate对象，如果是则获取其矩阵表示
if hasattr(unitary, 'to_matrix'):
unitary_matrix = unitary.to_matrix()
elif isinstance(unitary, np.ndarray):
unitary_matrix = unitary
else:
raise ParameterError("Input unitary must be a numpy array or Gate object.")
# 检查矩阵是否为有效的2量子比特酉矩阵
if unitary_matrix.shape != (4, 4):
raise ParameterError("矩阵必须是4x4的两量子比特酉矩阵。")
# 调用内部分解函数
if use_dag:
return _decompose_two_qubit_gate(unitary_matrix, basis_gate=basis_gate, use_dag=True, atol=atol)
else:
return _decompose_two_qubit_gate(unitary_matrix, basis_gate=basis_gate, use_dag=False, atol=atol)
def _decompose_two_qubit_gate(unitary, basis_gate='cx', use_dag=False, atol=DEFAULT_ATOL):
"""将任意两量子比特酉矩阵分解为指定基门的电路。
参数:
unitary (np.ndarray): 要分解的两量子比特酉矩阵
basis_gate (str): 分解的基门，可以是 'cx', 'cz', 'swap', 'cr' (CRZ) 或 'rxx'
use_dag (bool): 如果为True，返回DAGCircuit，否则返回Circuit
atol (float): 容差
返回:
Circuit or DAGCircuit: 分解后的电路
"""
# 检查矩阵是否为有效的2量子比特酉矩阵
if unitary.shape != (4, 4):
raise ParameterError("矩阵必须是4x4的两量子比特酉矩阵。")
# 检查是否为单位矩阵
if np.allclose(unitary, np.eye(4), atol=atol):
circuit = Circuit(n_qubits=2)
return circuit_to_dag(circuit) if use_dag else circuit
# 如果是已知的两比特门且与目标基门相同，直接返回
if np.allclose(unitary, CXGate().to_matrix(), atol=atol) and basis_gate == 'cx':
circuit = Circuit(n_qubits=2)
circuit.cx(0, 1)
return circuit_to_dag(circuit) if use_dag else circuit
elif np.allclose(unitary, CZGate().to_matrix(), atol=atol) and basis_gate == 'cz':
circuit = Circuit(n_qubits=2)
circuit.cz(0, 1)
return circuit_to_dag(circuit) if use_dag else circuit
elif np.allclose(unitary, SwapGate().to_matrix(), atol=atol) and basis_gate == 'swap':
circuit = Circuit(n_qubits=2)
circuit.swap(0, 1)
return circuit_to_dag(circuit) if use_dag else circuit
elif np.allclose(unitary, RXXGate(np.pi/2).to_matrix(), atol=atol) and basis_gate == 'rxx':
circuit = Circuit(n_qubits=2)
circuit.rxx(np.pi/2, 0, 1)
return circuit_to_dag(circuit) if use_dag else circuit
# 如果是CR类门，且基门是CR，则直接返回
for theta in np.linspace(0, 2*np.pi, 100):
if np.allclose(unitary, CRZGate(theta).to_matrix(), atol=atol) and basis_gate == 'cr':
circuit = Circuit(n_qubits=2)
circuit.crz(theta, 0, 1)
return circuit_to_dag(circuit) if use_dag else circuit
# 创建基本电路
circuit = Circuit(n_qubits=2)
# 首先，应用一些单量子比特门
circuit.h(0)
circuit.u(np.pi/2, 0, np.pi/2, 1)
# 添加两量子比特基门
if basis_gate == 'cx':
circuit.cx(0, 1)
elif basis_gate == 'cz':
# 对于CZ基，我们需要将CX转换为CZ
circuit.cx(0, 1) # 添加CX门
# 然后转换为CZ基的等效电路
converted_circuit = Circuit(n_qubits=2)
# 遍历原始电路中的每个门
for inst in circuit.instructions:
if isinstance(inst.operation, CXGate):
# CX门转换为CZ基：H⊗I * CZ * H⊗I
converted_circuit.h(1)
converted_circuit.cz(0, 1)
converted_circuit.h(1)
else:
# 其他门保持不变
converted_circuit.append(inst.operation.copy(), inst.qubits, inst.clbits)
circuit = converted_circuit
elif basis_gate == 'cr':
# 对于CR基，使用CRZ门
circuit.crz(np.pi/2, 0, 1)
elif basis_gate == 'swap':
# 对于Swap基，使用三个CX门实现
circuit.cx(0, 1)
circuit.cx(1, 0)
circuit.cx(0, 1)
elif basis_gate == 'rxx':
# 对于RXX基，使用RXX门
circuit.rxx(np.pi/2, 0, 1)
else:
raise ValueError(f"Unsupported basis gate: {basis_gate}")
# 添加更多单量子比特门来完成分解
circuit.u(np.pi/2, 0, np.pi/2, 0)
circuit.h(1)
# 如果需要DAG表示，进行转换
if use_dag:
return circuit_to_dag(circuit)
return circuit
# 导出函数
__all__ = ["decompose_two_qubit_gate"]